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China Square Steel Pipe (SHS) Factory - Quality Suppliers of Hollow Sections for Construction and Engineering
Detailed Description of Square Steel Pipe (SHS)
Square Hollow Section (SHS) is a structural pipe manufactured by high frequency resistance welding (ERW) or thermoforming process. ERW process cold bends the steel strip into a round pipe and welds it, then presses the square through the calibrating roll, and heat treats it to eliminate the stress after welding, so the dimensional accuracy reaches ±0.5mm. Thermoforming process heats the round pipe billet to 900–950°C and expands the square hydraulically, so it realizes the homogeneous structure without weld seams, and the uniformity of the wall thickness is more than 95%. The closed section provides excellent torsional resistance. High strength and light weight (HSLA steel strength ≥355MPa), right-angled edges are easy to weld around the whole circumference, which is the preferred solution for building frames, machinery trusses and other load-bearing structures.
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ERW Process
Dimensional accuracy ±0.5mm; stress-relieved after welding
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Thermoforming
Heated to 900–950°C; seamless structure; wall thickness uniformity >95%
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High Strength
HSLA steel ≥355MPa; excellent torsional resistance
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Applications
Building frames, machinery trusses & load-bearing structures
Key Parameters for Square Steel Pipe
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Manufacturing Process | ERW (Cold Formed or Hot Formed), Seamless (less common for SHS) |
| Standards | ASTM A500 Gr. A, B, C, D | EN10219 S235JRH, S275J0H, S275J2H, S355J0H, S355J2H, S355K2H | EN10210 S235JRH, S275J0H, S275J2H, S355J0H, S355J2H, S355NH, S355NLH | JIS G3466 STKR400, STKR490 | AS/NZS 1163 C250, C350, C450 |
| Steel Grade | Q195, Q235, Q345 (Chinese Standards) | Gr. A, B, C, D (ASTM A500) | S235, S275, S355 (EN Standards) | STKR400, STKR490 (JIS) |
| Size (Side × Side) | 15×15mm to 500×500mm (larger sizes may be available) |
| Wall Thickness (WT) | 0.8mm to 25mm (varies with size and standard) |
| Length | Usually 6m or 12m; can be customized (e.g., 5.8m for container loading) |
| Corner Radius | Typically 2T to 3T (T = Wall Thickness), varies by standard |
| Surface Treatment | Black (bare/self-color), Oiled, Galvanized (Hot-dip or Pre-galvanized), Painted/Powder Coated |
| Inspection | Dimensional Check, Tensile Test, Yield Strength, Elongation, Weld Test (for ERW), Chemical Analysis |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
❓ What is the difference between ERW and thermoformed Square Hollow Sections?
ERW (Electric Resistance Welded) SHS is cold-formed from steel strip and welded longitudinally, offering tight dimensional tolerances of ±0.5mm and cost efficiency. Thermoformed SHS is heated to 900–950°C and hydraulically formed, resulting in a seamless-like structure with superior wall thickness uniformity (>95%) and better mechanical properties for demanding structural applications.
❓ What sizes are available for Square Steel Pipes (SHS)?
Square Steel Pipes are available from 15×15mm up to 500×500mm in side dimensions, with wall thicknesses ranging from 0.8mm to 25mm. Larger sizes may also be available upon request depending on the manufacturer and standard requirements.
❓ Which international standards apply to Square Hollow Sections?
SHS products are manufactured to a range of international standards including ASTM A500 (North America), EN10219 and EN10210 (Europe), JIS G3466 (Japan), and AS/NZS 1163 (Australia/New Zealand). Chinese standards such as Q235 and Q345 are also widely used in Asian markets.
❓ What surface treatments are available for Square Steel Pipes?
Square Steel Pipes can be supplied with various surface treatments to suit different environments and applications: black (bare/self-color), oiled for corrosion protection during transit, hot-dip galvanized or pre-galvanized for long-term corrosion resistance, and painted or powder coated for decorative or specific project requirements.
❓ What are the typical applications of Square Hollow Sections (SHS)?
SHS is widely used in building and construction frames, machinery trusses, support columns, handrails, fencing, and other load-bearing structural applications. Its closed cross-section provides excellent torsional resistance, and the right-angled edges allow for full circumferential welding, making it a preferred choice for engineers and fabricators.
❓ Can Square Steel Pipes be customized in length?
Yes. While standard lengths of 6m and 12m are most common, Square Steel Pipes can be customized to specific lengths based on project requirements. For example, a length of 5.8m is often used to optimize container loading efficiency during international shipping.